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Introduction: For my literary review I will be studying constructivism in e-learning and the theory of constructivism. Constructivism is being studied more and introduced into classroom and learning environments encouraging students to further engage with their learning and thought process. Constructivism is also a controversial topic when linked to e-learning therefore in this literary review I intend to prove the benefits of constructivism in e-learning.
Theme: Education/e-learning
Constructivism vs objectivism: Where is the difference for designers of e-learning environments? centers on the theme of education and learning as it exploits online e-learning environments and the lack of engagement it has with higher level students. This article also discusses the implications that this lack of engagement has on higher level students as their ability to learn is restricted and as a result their work quality produced is poor. Catherine Twomey Fosnot also has written an informative and intriguing paper on the different types of learning and the theories that follow them including behaviourism, maturationism and finally constructivism. Each theory is discussed as Fosnot explains how they each tie into e-learning and how they effect the learning process for students and scholars alike.
Theme: Effects
Faris Algahtani's article discussed the important issue of students with intellectual disabilities using e-learning materials and how better teaching methods are needed to include and assist those suffering with such disabilities in the classroom and in e-learning environments. Algahtani also explains how behaviorism and constructivism effect and apply to students with intellectual learning disabilities. Rajabhat University conducted a study on their students over the period of three consecutive academic years to improve their students' thinking abilities by means of problem-based learning. The study conducted proved successful as the students thinking skills were shown to have improved after the study broke down the process into 3 different stages.
Theme: Improvements in e-learning/models.
Keengwe, Jared; Onchwari, Grace; Agamba, Joachim wrote an educational article discussing how recent technological developments contributed to the process and application of e-learning. This article talks about how technology has been implemented within learning and activities for students. The constructivism theory is also implemented and applied throughout this article. Stephan Poelmans & Patrick Wessa produced an article based on a student constructed evaluation. The studied subjects have produced a constructivist e-learning environment for statistics titled the compendium platform who's purpose was intended to create and demonstrate a deeper understanding of learning. The creation and launch of the model constructed was explained in further detail here. Koohang, A., Riley, L., Smith, T. & Schreurs also contributed an article based on a learner focused model that aims to help and assist e-learning performances displayed in two catagories learning design and assessment elements. The model is based on the constructivism learning theory and it's applications are shown in realistic environments.
Theme: Theories
Pedagogical quality in e-learning is a well written paper that discusses the importance of designing e-learning environments from a theoretical stand point. It's aim is to create a fully functional system and complete understanding of e-learning and e-learning applications from a pedagogical point of view. The bond between valuation and design is further explained through a theoretical approach, the theory of cognitivism, radical constructivism and activity theory are discussed as three frameworks.
Conclusion: Constructivism along with its various theories and principles play an important part in the production of e-learning environments and applications within a classroom or learning environment. Constructivism is proven in these articles to improve the learning qualities for students and further develop their thinking skills which has already shown to be effective and successful in the articles above.
Citations:
Koohang, A., Riley, L., Smith, T. & Schreurs, J. (2009). E-Learning and Constructivism: From Theory to Application. Interdisciplinary Journal of E-Learning and Learning Objects, 5(1), 91-109. Informing Science Institute. Retrieved February 10, 2019
Informing Science Journal, Volume 8, 2005, Open Source: A Metaphor for E-Learning, Alex Koohang University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, Milwaukee, USA Keith Harman Northcentral University Prescott, Arizona, USA
Proceedings 3rd IEEE International Conference on Advanced Technologies, 9-11 July 2003, Publisher: IEEE
E-learning and Education, 2005, Peer Review, Humanities, Journal article
Second edition, editor Catherine Twomey Fosnot, publisher: Teacher's College Press, Teachers College, Columbia University New York and London
Faris Algahtani. "Teaching students with intellectual disabilities: Constructivism or behaviorism?." Educational Research and Reviews 12, no. 21 (2017): 1031-1035.
- Published: 10 November 2017
Keengwe, Jared; Onchwari, Grace; Agamba, Joachim
Education and Information Technologies, v19 n4 p887-898 Dec 2014
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